〔Abstract〕 Objective To explore the traditional Chinese medicine ulcer oil in rats induced by chemotherapy extravasation injury. Methods A total of 80 rats with skin injury induced by extravasation of pirarubicin were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group with 40 rats each. The experimental group applied a traditional Chinese medicine ulcer oil, while the control group used 0.9% sodium chloride injection, which was externally applied twice a day. Rats in the chemotherapy group were sacrificed on days 2, 6, 10, 18 and 24 after drug application for extravasation-induced skin injury. The levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in exosmotic dermatitis were measured by radioimmunoassay. Results In the rats of the experimental group, the levels of VEGF, EGF, and bFGF in the tissue of extravasation-induced wounds were significantly higher than those in the control group at 2, 6, 10, 18 and 24 days after treatment, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.01). Conclusion The traditional Chinese medicine ulcer oil significantly alleviated the damage of extravasation-induced wounds, reduced microvascular permeability, and attenuated vascular inflammatory response and tissue edema, which may be achieved by increasing the expression of VEGF, EGF and bFGF in wound tissue. It is speculated that this may be one of the important mechanisms by which the traditional Chinese medicine ulcer oil is effective in treating extravasation_x005finduced injuries.