〔Abstract〕 Objective To analyze the expression of growth differentiation factor 11(GDF11) and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR- 4) in chronic heart failure and their correlation with cardiac function. Methods A total of 56 patients with chronic heart failure treated in Yuanyang Country People's Hospital from November 2020 to November 2021 were selected as the observation group, and 56 healthy subjects undergoing physical examination in Yuanyang Country People's Hospital were selected as the control group. The levels of GDF11 and TLR-4 and cardiac function of the two groups were compared. GDF11, TLR-4 levels and cardiac function indexes of different cardiac function grades and admission conditions. Results GDF11, TLR-4, left anterior descending branch (LAD) and left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD) in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, and the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was lower than that in the control group, the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). GDF11, TLR-4, LAD and LVEDD in the grade IV were higher than those in the grade Ⅱ and Ⅲ, while LVEF was lower than those in the grade Ⅱ and Ⅲ, the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). In readmitted patients, GDF11, TLR-4, LAD and LVEDD were higher than those without admission, while LVEF was lower than those without admission, the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Pearson was used to analyze the correlation between GDF11 and TLR-4 levels and cardiac function. GDF11 was negatively correlated with LVEF, but positively correlated with LAD and LVEDD. TLR-4 was negatively correlated with LVEF, but positively correlated with LAD and LVEDD, with statistical significance (P < 0.05). Conclusion GDF11 and TLR-4 levels are highly expressed in patients with chronic heart failure, and are related to the grading of cardiac function. They are involved in the occurrence and development of chronic heart failure, and have significance for clinical diagnosis of chronic heart failure.