〔Abstract〕 Thyroid cancer is the most common malignant tumour in the endocrine system, with the incidence rate increasing year by year in China, and belongs to the category of "stony goiter " in Chinese medicine. Currently, surgical resection is the mainstay of thyroid cancer treatment, which is often accompanied by complications such as laryngeal recurrent nerve injury, hypoparathyroidism, postoperative nausea and vomiting, and sleep disorders, affecting patients' quality of life and prognosis. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has significant advantages in treating these complications through evidence-based treatment and individualised precision. In this study, we reviewed the recent development of TCM treatment for the major postoperative complications of thyroid cancer, and showed that TCM treatment has a positive role in helping postoperative thyroid cancer patients to inhibit tumour recurrence and metastasis.